Engine-exhaust muffler



E. CHRISTUPHERSEN.

ENGINE EXHAUST MUFFLER.

APPLiCAT'ON FILED (H11 919- Paiaented Oct. 26,1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1- i Z {I m n /1 E. CHRISTOPHERSEN.

ENGINE EXHAUST MUFFLER.

A PmA mN FILED 00124, 1019.

Patented Oct. 26, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET Z.

UNITED ,STATES. PATENT; oFFica-f l cnmsrornmim, or ion, at. Y.

' ENGINE-MUST um. I

Patented 0011.26, 1920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I Ennmo CHRISTO- rrmnsnu a citizen of Norway, and a resident of llew York city, State of New York,

- ings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention relates to mufflers for exhaust gases, and particularly used to muflle or silence the exhaust of gas engines, I

such, for example, as automobile engines.

It embodies means for subdividing the gases into anlarge number of jets radial, or substantially so, to the direction of movement of the gases in the exhaust pipe, and combines the jets after decreasing their heat content into a spirally enlarging channel terminating in an outlet to the atmosphere.

The most successful muffler embodying these means now on the market can take care of but a limited quantity of gases, and while it is ample and adequate for the small engines, usually of four cylinders, of moderate priced cars, it will not take care of the gas of the larger cars, of six, eight and twelve cylinders.

It was at first thought that simply increasing the dimensions of this known mufiler, using the same construction, would meet the requirements of larger automobile engines, but this increase in size had to be such that there was not sufficient clearance under the car, and the weight was unduly great.

The problem then was to take care of the increased quantity of as, operating on the same principle. and eep the dimensions and-weight within the permissible limits; and this has been done in a most satisfacto manner in the present invention.

otwithstanding these rigid requirements,

the parts have been limited to a few cast-- ings, interfitting, as will be hereinafter described, and fastened togetherby three bolts, all accessible from the outside.

The drawings presented herewith show the construction at about two-thirds the actual size of the devices being sold. Like s eomuaon of we" Patent.

Application nled'ooto ber a4, 1919. Serial no. seams.

parts are indicated characters,

Figure 1 is a central section.

.Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the interior by similar reference construction of one of the outer elements into which, the end 'of the pi e is inserted.

1g. 3 1s a plan view showing the interior of t2e element cooperating with that of ig. 4 is a plan view showing the' interior of the other outer element with the second interior element cooperating therewith partly broken away.

The mufller consists of an outer, substantially s iral member 1 on the inlet side of the mu er, and a second outer substantially s 1ral element 2 carrying the outlet orifice.

etween these two elements 1 and 2, which form a casing, are two sub-dividing elements 3 and 4 held in spaced relation to one another and to the outer elements.

One of these outer elements, for example the element 1, has a groove 5 in its edge into which fits a tongue 6 on the other outer eleengine exhaust tubular portion a into which loosely fits the end of the engine exhaust ipe, not shown. Bolt holes 03 are provided or the reception of the bolts 7 The interior of the outermenrber l is provided with a number of vanes 8, arranged radially around the eccentrically arranged inlet 0, these vanes increase in length as the spiral chamber B between the vanes and wall or flange b enlarges. in cross section to near the exit orifice, where one of the vanes 8 is extended into a partition wall or rib 9.

Cooperating with the member 1 is the member 3, Fig. 3, having an'eccentrically arranged flared opening 10 directed toward the inlet for gases. This opening is smaller than the tubular portion a of member 1.

periphery is spaced from flange b of member 1 to form a gas passage, as indicated at e Fig. 1, and has notches 11 partly surrounding or embracing the three bolts 7 holding the parts together.

Both sides of the member 3 are provided with vanes that taper in two directions. The concave portion of the side has straight This member 3 is of spiral shape and its i the centerof the spiral toward the discharge with whlch they alternate.

to correspond with the ribs 8'on element 1,

vanes 12 is extended to form a partition rib extending across the wider end portion of the spiral channel B, which is of increasing width in member 1 and separates the wide and narrow ends. This partition .pre-

vents the major portion of the'gases from following along the channel'and causes them to pass over the edge of member 3 to a cen-' tral discharge chamber A between members 17, and this cone has surrounding it radial near the discharge 3 and 4. a

The member 3 terminates in a curved concave tongue 13 extending into the exitopening. .This tongue has, preferably but] not necessarily, a small strengthening rib'13 extending from the rib 12 to the end ofthe tongue. Onthe opposite side of member 3 is a second set of vanes 14 arranged around the opening 10 on that porion f of the mern her 3 that is curved convex toward the center of the muflier. These vanes 14 are in general radially directed, but curved or spirally shaped in the direction of the passage of the gases through the discharge chamber A, between the members 3 and 4. One of these ribs or vanes is extended into a partition wall 15- at the tongue 13 and causes the gases to 'follow the spiral chamber A inside the member 3 between theribs 14 and the rim of the member 3 from-its narspiral ribs 14'is a like series of ribs 16 on the spiral member 4, Fig. 4, around a central opening .17 that is larger than the opening 10 in member 3. v

This member 4, like member 3, is concave at its outer portion 9 and concave at h near the opening 17, corresponding to member 3, thus forming the central discharge I chamber A, Fig. 1.

The periphery of the member 4 is also provided with notches 18 to permit the passage of the bolts 7. At the narrower portion of the spiral passage formed by the concave portion g is a short partition rib 19. On the opposite side of this member 4 is a set of vanes 20, radially'arranged-with respect to the opening '17, and similar to the vanes 12 on member 3. These vanes, like vanes 12, increase in length as the spiral chamber (3 betweenv their ends and outer member 2 increases in cross section,'the vane opening being extended into a partition 21. e 1

The other outer member 2 is provided with a cone 22 directed in alinement with the co-axially arranged openings, 0, 10, and

vanes 23 increasing in radial width and One of the tapering iii two directions to correspond to and alternate with the similar vanes 20 on member 3. These vanes are on the flat body portion is of the member 2 that has a mar- ,ginal flange Z carrying the bead 6 and has the outlet 24 forthe gases. The flange I has a rib extension 25 that connects with a partition rib 26 forming an; extension of one of the radial vanes 23 onthe portion is.

The outer memberl has a pair of'securing members 27 and 28, each having a slot 32 forming one-half of a bolt-hole. These slots register withlike slots 32 in the securin members 29 and 30, respectively on the sot er outer member 2 when the members are secured together by the bolts 7. Through the holes 32 thus formed are passed the bolts I holding the mufiier to the vehicle. Preferably, but not necessarily, each securing member has' 'a slot in its side edge, as indicated at 33 Fig. '1, for additional bolts.

. The bolts 7, preferably, are square just beneath their heads, and the holes in one of the outer members, for example the member 2, are also square to prevent the bolts from rotating loose from the vibration of the vehicle.

The spiral vanes'14 and 16 are preferably but not necessarily less in number than the radial vanes 12 and 20, and do not fit so closely together and are shorter in the axial 4 as Well as in the radial direction of the As the gas stream enters at '0 it is subdivided into a plurality of concentric radially' expanding portions, and each portion is peripherally divided into a large number of small'streams or jets substantially radiallydir ected. By reason of the larger spaces between the interfitting spiral ribs 14 and 16 the jets passing through the jet forming nozzles so formed are of lesser Veloc-ity'than those passing through the other nozzles formed by the ribs or vanes 8 and 12, and 20 and 23, and are, besides, given a spiral direction in the middle chamber A in the directionof the discharge outlet 24.

The radial jets formed by the vanes 8 and 12 tapering in two directions discharge into the spiral chamber B at high velocity, pass over the outer edge of the member 3 into the middle discharge chamber A, and while doing so are compelled to pass along the continually enlarging spiral chamber B by the rib 12 closing the smaller narrow end of this chamber toward the exit in discharge of row end of the chamber and direct the gases from oneend-of the chamber to the other, at the same time between the vanes 14 and 16, and are directed to the discharge 24 by the tongue 13, fully ex anded to atmospheric pressure at high ve ocity and greatly cooled, so thatthe dis charge is practically at atmospheric pressure and noiseless. In other words, the three chambers, A, B, C, are in axial al ineme nt, and the two end chambers B and C discharge through the peripheral slot formed between the outer ed es of the'stationary members 3 and 4 into t e central chamber A.

I claim 1. In an engine exhaust muffler, means to sub-divide the gas-stream from the engine into a lurality of concentric parts, means for subdividing each part into a larger number of expanding jets and means permitting the discharge of the gases from said into a common discharge chamber.

2. In an engine exhaust mufiler, means to subdivide the gas-stream from the' engine into a plurality of concentric parts, means for sub-dividing each part into a large number of expanding jets and means permitting the discharge of the gases from sa1d..jets into a common discharge chamber of increasing cross-sectional area.

j ets 3. In an engine exhaust mufiler,,means to Y sub-divide the gas-stream from the engine into a plurality of concentric parts, means for sub-dividing each part into a plurality of jets,'the jets from each part discharging into a separate chamber and one of said chambers arranged to receive the gases from the other chambers and discharge the combined gases to the atmosphere.

4. In an engine exhaust mufiler, means to sub-divide the gas-stream from the engine into a plurality of concentric parts, means to sub-divide each part into a plurality of jets, the jets from some of the parts discharging at high velocity into chambers corresponding to said parts, and the chamber receiving the discharge from the jets from one of the parts at lower velocity and also receiving the discharge from the other chambers and discharging the combined gases to the atmosphere.

5. In an engine exhaust mufiier, means to sub-divide the gas-stream from the engine concentrically into a lurality of parts, means to sub-divide each part into substantially radial jets, the jets pertaining to each part discharging into a separate spiral chamber, one of said chambers arranged to receive the peripheral discharge of the other chambers and deliver the combined expanded gases to the atmosphere.

.6. In an' engine exhaust mufiler, to

sub-divide thegas-stream =from'- the en a into a plurality of concentric a'rts,fra 'al' a separate spiral chamber of gradua y mcreasing cross-section, the jets of one of the} parts being directed s irally into its per-. tainin chamber and said latter chamber alsoreceiving the peripheral discharge from the other chambers and discharging to the atmos here.

An engine exhaust mu er having an inlet. and an outlet, a stationary chamber formed centrally in the casing and having a peripheral inlet slot through which ex haust' fluid from axially disposed opposite ends of said chamber enter said chamber discharging directly to said outlet at its larger end.

8. A. mufiier, comprisin' a casing having a gas inlet, aspiral cham er in the casing, and means whereby gas from the inlet enters said chamber both at the center and at the periphery thereof.

11 engine exhaust mufller, comprising a casing having an axial gas inlet and means in the casing forming a plurality of chambe'rs arranged side by side and communicat- 1ng axlally with said inlet, one of said chamhers receiving the peripheral discharge of gas from the other chambers.

10. An engine exhaust mufller, comprising a casing having a gas inlet, means in the casing forming a central chamber. and a chamber on each side of the-latter communicating axially with said inlet, said side chambers communicating through their peripheries with the periphery of the central chamber.

11. In an engine exhaust mufiler, a casing having an axial inlet for exhaust gases, means inthe casing forming a central spiral chamber, a spiral chamber on each side of the central chamber communicating axially with said inlet, circularly disposed radial jet devices through which the gases are expanded in two directions and discharged into the respective chambers, said side chambers discharging peripherally into the central chamber.

12. In an engine exhaust mufiler, a spiral member having a central inlet for engine gases and a similar member having a gas outlet near its periphery, both of said memavin less velocity than t e jets pertaining'to t e other parts,

forming a central chamber spaced apart at their peripheries and having vanes cooperating with the vanes of the casing. members, said cooperating members forming a spiral. central chamber receiving gases discharged from said radial vanes between their spaced edges and discharging said gases to the atmosphere.

13. In an engine exhaust mufiier, four coaxial members each formed as a separate casting and each having radially disposed R vanes interfitting with the adjacent member or members, the two outer members having marginal flanges forming a casing inclosing the other two members, said members con-. structed to receive gases at their center and discharge them between the interfitting vanes to peripheral chambers, one of said chambers operating as a discharge chamher and receiving the expanded gases from the other chamber, and bolts passing from one'outer member to the other and holding the parts assembled.

14:. In an engine exhaust muflier, co-axial spiral members each formed as a separate casting, the two outer ones of said mem' bers having marginal flanges abutting one another to form a casing, and each member having a circular row of vanes radially gine gases on one of said outer members,

the vanes of one member interfitting with the vanes of an adjacent member to form expanding nozzles through which the gases are radially discharged, spiral chambers at the ends of said nozzlesand formed by said members, one of said chambers discharging .to the atmosphere and receiving gases expanded by said nozzles over its periphery.

'15. In an engine exhaust mufller, co-axial 40 spiral members, the two outer members havmg marginal flanges abutting one another to form a casing and each member having vanesradlally disposed with respect to an anal inlet openmg in one of the outer memhere, said members forming s iral chambers between the outer ends 0 said vanes and the peripheries of the members, the chambers having a continuously increasing cross-section, ribs on said members closing the smaller end of the chambers, one of said outer membershaving a discharge opening receiving gases from one chamber, which in turn receives expanded gases at its priphery.

Intestimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name hereto.

ERLING CHRISTOPHERSEN. 

